最後更新: 2022-07-02
介紹
nl80211 based CLI configuration utility ( 它的上一代是 iwconfing )
iw --version
iw version 4.14
目錄
Functions
Disassociate On Low Acknowledgement
它是其中一個 Inactivity timeout options
disassoc_low_ack # Default: 1
Disassociate stations based on excessive transmission failures or other indications of connection loss.
max_inactivity # Default: 300
If a station does not send anything in ap_max_inactivity seconds,
an empty data frame is sent to it in order to verify whether it is still in range.
Preamble Type
adds some additional data header strings to help check the wifi data transmission errors.
Long Preamble
- You are using wifi in an area with high interference or low signal strength.
- outdated equipment
Short Preamble
-
uses shorter data strings that adds less data to transmit the error redundancy check
which means that it is much faster.
Commands
- help [command]
- event [-t] [-r] [-f]
- phy
- list
- phy [] <-- hardware device
- dev [] <-- interface name
- reg [ get | set ]
Hardware Info.
Get device capabilities
iw list
Wiphy phy0 max # scan SSIDs: 4 ... Supported interface modes: * IBSS * managed * AP ... Band 1: Capabilities: 0x11ef RX LDPC HT20/HT40 ... Frequencies: * 2412 MHz [1] (20.0 dBm) * 2417 MHz [2] (20.0 dBm) ... ...
Info
#dev info
iw dev
phy#0
Interface wlan0
ifindex 42
wdev 0x26
addr 90:f6:52:21:44:e2
type AP
channel 4 (2427 MHz) HT20
iw dev wlan0 info
Interface wlan0 ifindex 42 wdev 0x26 addr 90:f6:52:21:44:e2 type AP wiphy 0 channel 4 (2427 MHz) HT20
Router associated to an 802.11n AP
iw dev wlan0 link
#
Not connected.
#
Connected to 90:f6:52:?:?:? (on wlan0) SSID: OpenWrt-WDS freq: 2412 RX: 248394 bytes (2437 packets) TX: 3392 bytes (37 packets) signal: -51 dBm tx bitrate: 57.8 MBit/s MCS 5 short GI bss flags: short-preamble short-slot-time dtim period: 0 beacon int: 100
Station(clients) statistics
查看所有 station 的情況
iw dev wlan0 station dump
Station 2c:9e:fc:?:?:?(on wlan0) inactive time: 10 ms rx bytes: 85148197 rx packets: 231566 tx bytes: 75925050 tx packets: 228584 tx retries: 12007 tx failed: 0 signal: -48 [-48] dBm signal avg: -47 [-47] dBm tx bitrate: 58.5 MBit/s MCS 6 rx bitrate: 72.2 MBit/s MCS 7 short GI authorized: yes authenticated: yes preamble: short WMM/WME: yes MFP: no TDLS peer: no .....................................
Peer Statistic
usage:
iw dev wlan0 station get <peer-MAC-address>
e.g.
root@WiFi:~# iw dev wlan0 station get 5c:e2:f4:?:?:?
Station 5c:e2:f4:d1:d6:29 (on wlan0) inactive time: 490 ms rx bytes: 204702 rx packets: 5403 tx bytes: 589174 tx packets: 2780 tx retries: 55 tx failed: 0 signal: -50 [-50] dBm signal avg: -52 [-52] dBm tx bitrate: 65.0 MBit/s MCS 7 rx bitrate: 1.0 MBit/s authorized: yes authenticated: yes preamble: long WMM/WME: yes MFP: no TDLS peer: no
Regulatory Domain
Get
iw reg get
country US: (2402 - 2472 @ 40), (3, 27) (5170 - 5250 @ 40), (3, 17) (5250 - 5330 @ 40), (3, 20), DFS (5490 - 5600 @ 40), (3, 20), DFS (5650 - 5710 @ 40), (3, 20), DFS (5735 - 5835 @ 40), (3, 30)
DFS & TPC
In 2007 the FCC (United States) began requiring that devices operating on 5.250–5.350 GHz and 5.470–5.725 GHz
must employ dynamic frequency selection (DFS) and transmit power control (TPC) capabilities.
Fixed:
FCA, fixed channel allocation: Manually assigned by the network operator
Dynamic:
DCA, dynamic channel allocation, (DCA also handles bursty cell traffic and utilizes the cellular radio resources more efficiently)
DFS, dynamic frequency selection
Spread spectrum (considered as an alternative to complex DCA algorithms)
Set
iw reg set XX
Debugging
iw event -f
Setting channel
iw dev wlan0 set channel 1 [HT20|HT40+|HT40-]
Power
txpower:
iw dev <devname> set txpower <auto|fixed|limit> [<tx power in mBm>]
power_save:
iw dev wlan0 get power_save
Power save: on
e.g.
iw dev wlan0 set power_save on
command failed: Operation not supported (-122)
Connect AP
Scanning AP
iw dev wlan0 scan
其中一個附近 AP 的 result
............................. BSS 90:18:7c:b4:e7:21 (on wlan0) TSF: 31998259587 usec (0d, 08:53:18) freq: 2462 beacon interval: 100 capability: ESS Privacy SpectrumMgmt ShortSlotTime (0x0511) signal: -68.00 dBm last seen: 10 ms ago SSID: Jenny Supported rates: 1.0* 2.0* 5.5* 11.0* 18.0 24.0 36.0 54.0 DS Parameter set: channel 11 TIM: DTIM Count 1 DTIM Period 2 Bitmap Control 0x0 Bitmap[0] 0x0 Country: HK Environment: Indoor/Outdoor Channels [1 - 13] @ 36 dBm Power constraint: 0 dB ERP: <no flags> RSN: * Version: 1 * Group cipher: CCMP * Pairwise ciphers: CCMP * Authentication suites: PSK * Capabilities: 16-PTKSA-RC (0x000c) Extended supported rates: 6.0 9.0 12.0 48.0 HT capabilities: Capabilities: 0x1020 HT20 Static SM Power Save RX HT20 SGI No RX STBC Max AMSDU length: 3839 bytes DSSS/CCK HT40 Maximum RX AMPDU length 32767 bytes (exponent: 0x002) Minimum RX AMPDU time spacing: 8 usec (0x06) HT RX MCS rate indexes supported: 0-7 HT TX MCS rate indexes are undefined HT operation: * primary channel: 11 * secondary channel offset: no secondary * STA channel width: 20 MHz * RIFS: 1 * HT protection: nonmember * non-GF present: 1 * OBSS non-GF present: 1 * dual beacon: 0 * dual CTS protection: 0 * STBC beacon: 0 * L-SIG TXOP Prot: 0 * PCO active: 0 * PCO phase: 0 WMM: * Parameter version 1 * u-APSD * BE: CW 15-63, AIFSN 3 * BK: CW 15-1023, AIFSN 7 * VI: CW 7-15, AIFSN 1, TXOP 3008 usec * VO: CW 3-7, AIFSN 1, TXOP 1504 usec .............................
Associate
iw dev wlan0 link
Not connected.
設定 WEP Key
iw wlan0 connect foo keys 0:abcde d:1:0011223344
Connect
iw wlan0 connect foo
Disconnect
iw dev <devname> disconnect
If you need to connect to an AP with WPA or WPA2 encryption requirements
then you must use wpa_supplicant.
Virtual Interface
Valid interface types are: managed, ibss, monitor, mesh, wds.
Openwrt - Get 300Mbps
HT: High Throughput
HT40+ (for channels 1-7) or HT40- (for channels 5-11)
HT40- (2x 20MHz channels, primary/control channel is upper, secondary channel is below)
HT40+ (2x 20MHz channels, primary/control channel is lower, secondary channel is above)
cli 設定:
uci set wireless.radio0.htmode=HT40+
# Do not scan for overlapping BSSs in HT40+/- mode
uci set wireless.radio0.noscan=1
uci commit wireless;
wifi
11n 有兩種頻寬模式:On IEEE 802.11n
- HT20 (HT20 refers to a 20Mhz spectrum)
- HT40
* This is not channel bonding, but a single channel with double the older 20 MHz channel width,
thus using two adjacent 20 MHz bands.
在 2.4G 使用 HT40, 則有效通道有3~13, 非重疊的只有 3 及 11
Doc
https://wireless.wiki.kernel.org/en/users/documentation/iw