最後更新: 2024-02-20

目錄

• datetime.date Class
• datetime.time Class
• datetime.datetime Class
• timedelta
• strftime()
• strptime()

 

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查看 datetime 有什麼

 

import datetime

print(dir(datetime))

Attributes

• datetime.date
• datetime.time
• datetime.datetime
• datetime.timedelta
• datetime.timezone
• ....
   

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datetime.date Class

 

from datetime import date

today = date.today()

# 2024-02-15
print today

# 不可以寫成 date(2024, 02, 15)
d = date(2024, 2, 15)
print(d)

Attributes

• .year
• .month
• .day

Methods:

• date.weekday()

 

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datetime.time Class

 

from datetime import time

# 00:00:00
a = time()
print(a)

# 不可以寫成 time(16, 06, 10)
b = time(16, 6, 10)
# 16:06:10
print(b)

Attributes

• .hour
• .minute
• .second
• .microsecond

 

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datetime.datetime Class

 

重要 function

• now()
• timestamp()
• fromtimestamp()

now()

from datetime import datetime
curr_dt = datetime.now()

# 2024-02-15 15:58:29.708949

print(curr_dt)

a = datetime(2024, 2, 15)
b = datetime(2022, 2, 15, 16, 1)
c = datetime(2022, 2, 15, 16, 1, 6, 123456)

timestamp() & fromtimestamp()

timestamp = round(curr_dt.timestamp())
dt_object = datetime.fromtimestamp(timestamp)
print(dt_object)

Attributes

• 有齊 date 及  time Class 的 Attributes

 

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timedelta

 

計算 delta

from datetime import datetime

t1 = datetime(2024, 2, 15)

t2 = datetime(2024, 2, 13)

t3 = t1 - t2

# 2 days, 0:00:00

print(t3)

# <class 'datetime.timedelta'>

print(type(t3))

# 172800.0

print(t3.total_seconds())

# 172800

print(round(t3.total_seconds()))

Attributes(拎佢其中一 part)

• days
• seconds
• microseconds

Only days, seconds and microseconds are stored internally. Arguments are converted to those units:

• A millisecond is converted to 1000 microseconds.
• A minute is converted to 60 seconds.
• An hour is converted to 3600 seconds.
• A week is converted to 7 days.

設定 delta

from datetime import timedelta

delta = timedelta(seconds=10)

t1 = datetime(2024, 2, 20)

# 2024-02-20 00:00:10

t1 = datetime(2024, 2, 20)

 

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strftime()

 

.strftime("%H:%M:%S")

.strftime("%m/%d/%Y, %H:%M:%S")

i.e.

from datetime import datetime
curr_dt = datetime.now()

# '15:11:26'
curr_dt.strftime("%H:%M:%S")

format codes (C standard (1989 version))

• %H       # 00, 01, …, 23
   
• %M       # 00, 01, …, 59
   
• %S       # 00, 01, …, 59
   
• --------
• %m       # 01, 02, …, 12
  %b        # Jan, Feb, ...
• %d        # 01, 02, …, 31
• %Y        # 2023, 2024 ...
   

 

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strptime()

 

.strptime("str", "format")