selenium

由 datahunter 在三, 11/09/2013 - 12:10 發表

最後更新: 2017-12-12

介紹

Tools

Selenium IDE
Katalon Recorder

Download

selenium server(.jar) / firefox ide(.xpi) :

http://docs.seleniumhq.org/download/

Python bindings for Selenium(pip):

https://pypi.python.org/pypi/selenium

Install

pip install selenium

# Windows User

* pip is already installed if you are using Python 2 >=2.7.9 or Python 3 >=3.4

RC 與 WebDriver 的運作

Local (geckodriver)

More info: https://datahunter.org/geckodriver

Selenium-RC (officially deprecated)

It ‘injected' javascript functions into the browser when the browser was loaded and

then used its javascript to drive the AUT within the browser.

WebDriver

Selenium Server (java) [use Selenium Webdriver Remote]

It drives the browser directly using the browser’s built in support for automatio

Grid2

scale by distributing tests on several machines. manage multiple environments from a central point.

Selenium-IDE

Run Selenese Directly Within the Server Using -htmlSuite

java -jar selenium-server-standalone-<version-number>.jar -htmlSuite "*firefox" "http://www.google.com" "c:\absolute\path\to\my\HTMLSuite.html" "c:\absolute\path\to\my\results.html"

Webdriver(grid)

Selenium-Grid 2.0 jar file

single .jar file to get the remote Selenium-RC-Server and Selenium-Grid all in one package.

Hub

hub option:

-nodeTimeout:XXXX
the timeout in seconds before the hub automatically ends a test
(The browser will be released for another test to use.)

Hub Console:

http://hubofmachine:4444/grid/console [-log selenium.log] [-browserSideLog]

start hub

java -jar selenium-server-standalone-2.14.0.jar -role hub

Node

node option:

-registerCycle = how often in ms the node will try to register itself again.
(Allow to restart the hub without having to restart the nodes.)

start node

java -jar selenium-server-standalone-2.14.0.jar -role node \
-hub http://localhost:4444/grid/register \
-browser browserName=firefox,maxInstances=5

config file:

-role hub -hubConfig hubconfig.json # 用圖不大

-role node -nodeConfig nodeconfig.json

File: nodeconfig.json

{
  "capabilities":
      [
        {
          "browserName": "*firefox",
          "maxInstances": 5,
          "seleniumProtocol": "Selenium"
        },
        {
          "browserName": "*googlechrome",
          "maxInstances": 5,
          "seleniumProtocol": "Selenium"
        },
        {
          "browserName": "*iexplore",
          "maxInstances": 1,
          "seleniumProtocol": "Selenium"
        },
        {
          "browserName": "firefox",
          "maxInstances": 5,
          "seleniumProtocol": "WebDriver"
        },
        {
          "browserName": "chrome",
          "maxInstances": 5,
          "seleniumProtocol": "WebDriver"
        },
        {
          "browserName": "internet explorer",
          "maxInstances": 1,
          "seleniumProtocol": "WebDriver"
        }
      ],
  "configuration":
  {
    "proxy": "org.openqa.grid.selenium.proxy.DefaultRemoteProxy",
    "maxSession": 5,
    "port": 5555,
    "host": ip,
    "register": true,
    "registerCycle": 5000,
    "hubPort": 4444,
    "hubHost": ip
  }
}

File: hubconfig.json:

{
  "host": null,
  "port": 4444,
  "newSessionWaitTimeout": -1,
  "servlets" : [],
  "prioritizer": null,
  "capabilityMatcher": "org.openqa.grid.internal.utils.DefaultCapabilityMatcher",
  "throwOnCapabilityNotPresent": true,
  "nodePolling": 5000,

  "cleanUpCycle": 5000,
  "timeout": 300000,
  "browserTimeout": 0,
  "maxSession": 5
}

測試

當連接成功後, 開 Browser 會見到 console 會見到:

Client

安裝方法:

pip install -U selenium

dl selenium-2.41.tar.gz

tar -zxf selenium-2.41.tar.gz

cd selenium

python setup.py install

Usage Example

[1] 開 browser, 最大化 window, 打開 link, 關

from selenium import webdriver
import time

url = 'http://www.google.com.hk'

driver = webdriver.Firefox()

driver.maximize_window()

# WebDriver will wait until the page has fully loaded (that is, the “onload” event has fired) 
# before returning control to your test or script.
driver.get(url)

# 用 "print driver.title" 看 title
# To ensure that some results are found, make an assertion:
# assert "No results found." not in driver.page_source
assert "Google" in driver.title

time.sleep(3)

# The quit will exit entire browser whereas close will close one tab,
# but if just one tab was open, by default most browser will exit entirely.:
# driver.close()
driver.quit()

assert

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "./reuse.py", line 51, in <module>
    assert "Google2" in driver.title
AssertionError

captureScreenshot

selenium.captureScreenshot("/tmp/" + testMethodName + ".png");

P.S.

圖片是放在 node 上的

Webdriver

alert popup

driver.switchTo().alert().accept();

upload window

$('input[type=file]', $('#upload-dialog')).first().bind("click",function(){return false;});

$('input[type=file]').first().bind("click",function(){return false;});

$('input[type=file]').bind("click",function(){return false;});

Firefox Profile

GUI

# -P, -profilemanager

firefox.exe -P

CLI

firefox.exe -firefoxProfileTemplate "c:\fprofile"

ie.

1. 用 profilemanager 建立 profile 並設定存放在 "c:\fprofile"

2. 用某 profile 行 firefox "firefox.exe -firefoxProfileTemplate c:\fprofile"

3. Checking URL: about:profiles

headless mode

# 如果不接 "-marionette" 那就再不能控制它

-headless -marionette

Full Stack

# Firefox

"C:\Program Files\Mozilla Firefox\firefox.exe" -marionette -firefoxProfileTemplate c:\fprofile

# geckodriver

geckodriver --host 192.168.88.122 --connect-existing --marionette-port 2828

Remote

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.desired_capabilities import DesiredCapabilities

executor_url = 'http://192.168.88.122:4444'

#capabilities={'javascriptEnabled': 'True'}
#driver = webdriver.Remote(executor_url, desired_capabilities=capabilities)

driver = webdriver.Remote(
   command_executor=executor_url,
   desired_capabilities=DesiredCapabilities.FIREFOX)

# Session info
print driver.command_executor._url
print driver.session_id

Re-using existing browser session in selenium

log

selenium.common.exceptions.SessionNotCreatedException: Message: Session is already started

override the execute function while creating the driver

def create_driver_session(session_id, executor_url):
    from selenium.webdriver.remote.webdriver import WebDriver as RemoteWebDriver

    # Save the original function, so we can revert our patch
    org_command_execute = RemoteWebDriver.execute

    def new_command_execute(self, command, params=None):
        if command == "newSession":
            # Mock the response
            return {'success': 0, 'value': None, 'sessionId': session_id}
        else:
            return org_command_execute(self, command, params)

    # Patch the function before creating the driver object
    RemoteWebDriver.execute = new_command_execute

    new_driver = webdriver.Remote(command_executor=executor_url, desired_capabilities={})
    new_driver.session_id = session_id

    # Replace the patched function with original function
    RemoteWebDriver.execute = org_command_execute

    return new_driver

driver2 = create_driver_session(session_id, executor_url)

By & find_element_by_X

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By

driver = webdriver.Firefox()
driver.get('http://www.google.com')

q = driver.find_element(By.NAME, 'q')
q.clear()
q.send_keys('webdriver')
q.submit()

find_element_by_X

# cleanup input
driver.find_element_by_name('Locator value').clear();
driver.find_element_by_id('Locator value').clear();

Keys

# The Keys class provide keys in the keyboard like RETURN, F1, ALT etc.

from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys

q = driver.find_element_by_name("q")
q.clear()
q.send_keys("webdriver")
q.send_keys(Keys.RETURN)

DOC

http://www.seleniumhq.org/docs/

http://docs.seleniumhq.org/docs/03_webdriver.jsp

http://docs.seleniumhq.org/docs/07_selenium_grid.jsp

http://docs.seleniumhq.org/docs/02_selenium_ide.jsp

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