最後更新: 2022-12-28

目錄

• Check Version
• 6 to 7
• 7 to 8
• 8 to 9 (Stretch)
• 9 to 10 (buster)
• 10 to 11

---

Check Version

 

# 查看當前系統 Version

cat /etc/debian_version

10.13

Version 名稱

 

---

6 to 7

 

# Go to last version first

apt-get update

apt-get upgrade

# Modify sources.list

Update the sources: /etc/apt/sources.list

deb http://ftp.jp.debian.org/debian wheezy main contrib non-free
deb http://ftp.jp.debian.org/debian wheezy-updates main contrib non-free

# Perform a minimal upgrade

apt-get update

apt-get upgrade

# Complete system upgrade (apt-get dist-upgrade)

# -d, --download-only

apt-get dist-upgrade -d

apt-get dist-upgrade

Remark

"dist-upgrade" a "smart" conflict resolution system,

and it will attempt to upgrade the most important packages at the expense of less important ones if necessary.

So, dist-upgrade command may remove some packages.

# Cleanup

apt-get autoremove

 

---

7 to 8

 

# 修改 /etc/apt/sources.list

# Change the instances of “wheezy” to “jessie”

deb http://ftp.hk.debian.org/debian/ jessie main contrib

deb http://security.debian.org/ jessie/updates main contrib

# jessie-updates, previously known as 'volatile'
deb http://debian.mirror.uber.com.au/debian/ jessie-updates main contrib

You can either use “jessie” or “stable”, as Debian 8 Jessie is now the current stable version as of writing.

但不建議用 stable, 因為 9 一出那會唔小心 upgrade 左

 

---

8 to 9 (Stretch)

 

# update sources.list

sed -i 's/jessie/stretch/g' /etc/apt/sources.list

apt-get update

apt-get upgrade

apt-get dist-upgrade -d

apt-get dist-upgrade

Troubleshoot

[1]

Preconfiguring packages ...
(Reading database ... 129816 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../texlive-fonts-recommended-doc_2016.20170123-5_all.deb ...
Unpacking texlive-fonts-recommended-doc (2016.20170123-5) over (2012.20120611-5+deb7u1) ...
dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/texlive-fonts-recommended-doc_2016.20170123-5_all.deb (--unpack):
 trying to overwrite '/usr/share/doc/texlive-doc/fonts/ec/00bugs.txt', which is also in package texlive-latex-recommended-doc 2012.20120611-5+deb7u1
dpkg-deb: error: subprocess paste was killed by signal (Broken pipe)
Errors were encountered while processing:
 /var/cache/apt/archives/texlive-fonts-recommended-doc_2016.20170123-5_all.deb
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

Solution

# 找出要 remove 的 Package

dpkg -l | grep texlive-

# remove "dpkg -l" 找出來的 package

dpkg --force-all --purge ?

 

---

9 to 10 (buster)

 

修改 /etc/apt/sources.list

sed -i 's/stretch/buster/g' /etc/apt/sources.list

deb http://ftp.debian.org/debian buster main contrib non-free
deb http://ftp.debian.org/debian buster-updates main contrib non-free
deb http://security.debian.org/debian-security buster/updates main contrib non-free

apt-get update

apt-get upgrade

# -d, --download-only                因為有很多 package 要下載

apt-get dist-upgrade -d -y

apt-get dist-upgrade

 

---

10 to 11

 

apt-mark showhold

修改 /etc/apt/sources.list

buster -> bullseye
buster/updates -> bullseye-security

結果

deb http://deb.debian.org/debian bullseye main contrib non-free
deb http://deb.debian.org/debian bullseye-updates main contrib non-free
deb http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security main
deb http://ftp.debian.org/debian bullseye-backports main contrib non-free

apt-get clean

apt update

apt upgrade

apt-get dist-upgrade -d -y

apt-get dist-upgrade

reboot

apt-get autoremove --purge