最後更新: 2018-01-21

介紹

Heterogeneous System Architecture (HSA)

HSA is a computer processor architecture that integrates CPU and GPU on the same bus, with shared memory and tasks.

CPU: central processing units

GPU: graphics processors

* HSA defines a unified virtual address space space for compute devices

HSA Intermediate Layer (HSAIL), a virtual instruction set for parallel programs

HSA 運作:

App(Queue job) --> CPU(HSA) --> GPU(Start job)
GPU(Finish job) --> CPU(HSA) --> App(Results)

HSA specifications cover

 * a virtual instruction set for parallel programs
 * memory model
 * dispatcher and run-time (queueing)

在沒有 HSA 時:

CPU's MMU || GPU's IOMMU
 RAM <-zero copy-> RAM

* 要靠 "zero copy" 提升效能

** In "partitioned main memory", one part of the system memory is exclusively allocated to the GPU.

As a result, zero-copy operation are not possible.

支出與收入

用電

# 4 display card (1070 X 3 1060 X 1)

# nvidia-smi -> 電錶

無負載: 32W -> 47W

負載: 375W -> 434W

收益

支出: 434(W) / 1000(千瓦小時) * 24(小時) * 30(一個月) * 1.2(電費) = HK$375

@20190522

Coin per mo: 0.3/mo

Price: HKD$1987 # USD$254

收入: 0.3 * 1987 = HK$596

GPU Setting

Nvidia

https://datahunter.org/nvidia

AMD

https://datahunter.org/amd_gpu