最後更新: 2022-05-04

目錄

• Windows Management Framework
• Output
  - Write-Output
  - | Select-Object "From"
  - .From
  - | Format-List

 

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Windows Management Framework(WMF)

 

現在(20130712)的 Server03 及 XP 上已經不用獨立安裝 PowerShell 了,

因為它已經整合到 WMF 上.

P.S.

WMF 在 03 server 上的是 .Net 2.0

組件:

• Windows PowerShell 2.0
• WinRM 2.0 (WS 管理通訊協定，一種標準 Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) 型)
• BITS 4.0 (BITS 是一種服務，用戶端和伺服器之間傳輸檔案。)

 

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PowerShell  的位置

 

S03, Win10

 

C:\WINDOWS\system32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0

 

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打開 PowerShell

 

Win+R(執行) -> PowerShell

 

 

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Check Version

 

$PSversionTable

Name                           Value
----                           -----
PSVersion                      5.1.19041.1023
PSEdition                      Desktop
PSCompatibleVersions           {1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0...}
BuildVersion                   10.0.19041.1023
CLRVersion                     4.0.30319.42000
WSManStackVersion              3.0
PSRemotingProtocolVersion      2.3
SerializationVersion           1.1.0.1

 

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Script

 

幅檔名: .PS1
 

執行 script:

Mothod 1:

C:\WINDOWS\system32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe

PS C:\script>.\script.ps1

Mothod 2:

powershell - File <scriptfile> <args>

-noexit, an optional parameter that tells the PowerShell console to remain open after the script finishes.
   
 

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ExecutionPolicy

 

PS C:\script> Get-ExecutionPolicy

Restricted

Remark

• Restricted 執行原則不會允許任何指令碼執行
• AllSigned 和 RemoteSigned 執行原則禁止 Windows PowerShell 執行沒有數位簽章的指令碼

PS C:\script> Get-Help About_Signing

PS C:\script>  Set-ExecutionPolicy Unrestricted

 

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======
Profile
======

test-path $profile
new-item -path $profile -itemtype file -force
notepad $profile

 

======
Snapin
======

add-pssnapin quest.activeroles.admanagement

PS C:\script>Get-PSSnapin

 

============
remote sessions
============

Windows Management Instrumentation and Windows Remote Management (WS-Management) and

make sure they are both started and set to run automatically.

Enable-psRemoting

Enter-psSession MachineName

Exit-psSession

 

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Remove Module

 

Get-Module -ListAvailable

    Directory: C:\Program Files\WindowsPowerShell\Modules


ModuleType Version    Name                                ExportedCommands
---------- -------    ----                                ----------------
Binary     2.0.2.140  AzureAD                             {Add-AzureADApplicationOwner, Get-AzureADApplication, Get-...
...

Remove-Module -Name NAME

 

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Output

 

Write-Output

Module: Microsoft.PowerShell.Utility

Writes the specified objects to the pipeline.

If Write-Output is the last command in the pipeline, the objects are displayed in the console.

i.e.

Write-Output "test1 test2 test3"

Measure-Object

Write-Output "test1 test2 test3" | Measure-Object

Count    : 1
Average  :
Sum      :
Maximum  :
Minimum  :
Property :

 

Format-List

# Formats the output as a list of properties in which each property appears on a new line.

| Format-List

 

 

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Filter

 

Filter 的種類

• Server-side filtering: Get-Mailbox -Filter { Alias -like '*link' }
• Client-side filtering: Get-Mailbox | ? {$_.Alias -like '*link' }

Select-Object

# Selects objects or object properties.

Get-TransportRule -Identity Whitelist | Select-Object "From"

(Get-TransportRule -Identity Whitelist).From

Sort

...

Where

Get-Mailbox | where {$_.OrganizationalUnit -like "*remove_user*"}

$_

This is the variable for the current value in the pipe line / loop,

    which is called $PSItem in Powershell 3 and newer.

$_.SomeProperty

?

A question mark("?") as an alias for the Where-Object cmdlet

Get-Mailbox | ? {$_.OrganizationalUnit -like "*remove_user*"}

ComparisonOperator

• -eq           for equals
• -like          for string comparison (必須要前後 "*")
• -notlike

可以用來找 OU 的 fields

• OrganizationalUnit: DOMAIN/OU
• Identity: DOMAIN/OU/cs
• DistinguishedName: CN=USERNAME,CN=OU,DC=DOMAIN,DC=DOMAIN